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中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

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【国际锐评】中国将为世界经济提供哪些新机遇?从这个会议找答案******

  12月15日至16日,中国一年一度的中央经济工作会议在北京举行。会议总结今年经济工作,分析当前经济形势,部署2023年经济工作。外界尤其关注明年中国经济怎么干。会议强调,“明年要坚持稳字当头、稳中求进”“推动经济运行整体好转,实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长,为全面建设社会主义现代化国家开好局起好步”,这些表述为明年经济工作提供了明确指引,对世界也是个好消息。

  不久前召开的中国共产党二十大指出,未来五年是全面建设社会主义现代化国家开局起步的关键时期,强调不断以中国新发展为世界提供新机遇。对于今年的中央经济工作会议,国际社会不仅想看到中国式现代化如何扎实推进,更希望了解它带来哪些“新机遇”。

  “推动经济运行整体好转”——会议这一表述以及新闻稿中31个“稳”字,给世界带来了宝贵的信心。多项国内外研究显示,在多重因素冲击下,2022年全球经济增长显著放缓,2023年全球经济仍将继续疲软。世界银行近期将2023年全球经济增长预期从6月预测的约3%下调到1.9%。在这样的背景下,中国作为世界第二大经济体,保持经济平稳运行至关重要。

  客观看,中国经济目前仍面临不少挑战,比如恢复的基础尚不牢固、压力仍然较大等。但更应看到的是,正如会议所指出,中国经济韧性强、潜力大、活力足,各项政策效果持续显现,“明年经济运行有望总体回升”。近期,随着中国优化调整新冠疫情防控措施,浙江、江苏、四川等多地掀起“组团出海”招商的热潮。会议强调,做好明年经济工作,要做到六个“更好统筹”,其中排在第一的,是要更好统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展。这意味着中国经济复苏有望按下“快进键”,世界经济增长的动力将更足。

  外媒关注到,会议提出,着力扩大国内需求,要把恢复和扩大消费摆在优先位置。就在几天前,中国出台了《扩大内需战略规划纲要(2022—2035年)》。中国人口超过14亿,人均GDP突破1.2万美元,最终消费支出占GDP比重连续11年保持在50%以上,是全球最有潜力的消费市场。中国扩大内需,必然会为各国企业进入中国大市场提供更多契机,进一步“让中国市场成为世界的市场、共享的市场、大家的市场”。

  会议还强调,要坚持把高质量发展作为全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务。实现高质量发展,创新是第一动力。世界知识产权组织9月底发布的《2022年全球创新指数报告》显示,中国排名第11位,连续十年稳步提升。会议指出,加快新能源、人工智能、生物制造、绿色低碳、量子计算等前沿技术研发和应用推广。这将有利于跨国公司在各种新经济领域获得更多发展机会。半个月前,全球知名的高科技制造企业——ABB机器人超级工厂在上海正式落成投产。公司相关负责人说,来自中国团队的创新智慧将被应用到全球工厂中,“在中国,为中国”乃至“为世界”的愿景得以实现。

  “开放”是会议传递的又一个明确信息。会议强调坚持推进高水平对外开放,稳步扩大规则、规制、管理、标准等制度型开放,提出更大力度吸引和利用外资。今年前10个月,中国实际使用外资同比增长14.4%。“提升贸易投资合作质量和水平”“加大现代服务业领域开放力度”“落实好外资企业国民待遇”“积极推动加入全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定和数字经济伙伴关系协定等高标准经贸协议”……一系列措施将为外资提供更广阔、更安心的发展空间。近期,中国德国商会、中国澳大利亚商会的调查结果显示,多数受访企业对在华市场机遇和盈利持乐观态度。

  中国发展离不开世界,世界发展也需要中国。岁末之际,这场在中共二十大后召开的中央经济工作会议,向世界展现了中国经济的韧性、市场的潜力、创新的活力、开放的魄力。中国式现代化行稳致远,世界将收获更多共赢机遇。(国际锐评评论员)

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